Gene: F46A9.5   

F46A9.5	Evidence	CGC_data_submission
	SMap	S_parent	Sequence	SUPERLINK_CB_I
	Chromosome	I
	Identity (5)
	Gene_info	Gene_class	skr
		Structured_description	Provisional_description	The skr-1 gene encodes a homolog of Skp1 in S. cerevisiae that is required for the restraint of cell proliferation, progression through the pachytene stage of meiosis, and the formation of bivalent chromosomes at diakinesis.	Paper_evidence	WBPaper00005128
						WBPaper00005129
					Person_evidence	WBPerson567
					Curator_confirmed	WBPerson567
					Date_last_updated	17 Jun 2004 00:00:00
				skr-1(RNAi) animals show several defects, including hyperplasia (both in arrested embryos, and in the somatic gonad and hypodermis of adult escapers), mispositioning of the mitotic spindle in early embryos, ectopic blebbing, and abnormal polar bodies.
				More generally, animals injected with skr-1(RNAi) show reduced brood sizes, with embryonic lethality in F1 animals; the development of F1 embryos appeared to be arrested between gastrulation and the 2-fold phase, in a manner similar to that of cul-1(RNAi) embryos.
				Zygotic-specific RNAi directed against skr-1 allows survival to adulthood, but adult hermaphrodites are sterile due to an arrest of germ cells in the pachytene stage of meiosis; they also show an expanded transistion zone in the gonad and gaps in the gonad arm, with univalent diakinetic chromosomes in those germ cells escaping past pachytene stage.
				A SKR-1::GFP reporter gene is expressed throughout transgenic animals from gastrulation to adulthood.
				SKR-1 may, like Skp1p, function within a particular SCF ubiquitin-ligase (E3) complex by binding both a cullin (a homolog of S. cerevisiae Cdc53) and an F box protein (through direct interaction with an F box motif).
				However, Skp1p also can associate with other proteins besides SCF components, so the function of SKR-1 is not necessarily confined to, or even partially involved with, C. elegans ubiquitin-ligase complexes.
				SKR-1, in two-hybrid assays, binds to CUL-1, but not to CUL-2 through CUL-6.
				SKR-1 also binds to at least 16 different F-box proteins: SEL-10, T01E8.4, F48E8.7A, C02F5.7A, C26E6.5, C14B1.3, F14D2.8, T10E9.1, T05H4.2, T07E3.4, Y37H2A.5, Y47F10C.3, Y113G7B.3, Y113G7B.4, C31C9.3, and LIN-23.
				As with skr-1, loss of lin-23 function results in hyperplasia.
				When expressed in mammalian cells, SKR-1 is coimmunoprecipitated with CUL-1, but not with CUL-2, CUL-3, or CUL-4.
				skr-1's most closely related paralog in the C. elegans genome is skr-2, with which it shares a statistically significant evolutionary grouping.
				skr-1 resides next to skr-2 in a 2.7 kb region on chromosome I, and the two genes are highly similar (83% nucleotide identity), implying that they arose from a recent, local genomic duplication.
				Because of the high similarity of these two genes, RNAi directed against either skr-1 or skr-2 is expected to inactivate both genes simultaneously, and it is thus not clear whether these genes comprise a functionally redundant set.
			Concise_description	The skr-1 gene encodes a homolog of Skp1 in S. cerevisiae that is required for the restraint of cell proliferation, progression through the pachytene stage of meiosis, and the formation of bivalent chromosomes at diakinesis.
	Molecular_info (5)
	Experimental_info	RNAi_result (8)
		WB_RNAi_result (10)
		Expr_pattern	Expr2437
		Y2H_target	Y2H006613
	Reference	WBPaper00018093
		WBPaper00026593
	Method	Gene

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